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Mis on Vagrant?

Vagrant on tööriist, mis haldab virtuaalmasinaid deklaratiivse Vagrantfile abil. Eelis käsitsi VM-ide loomisest:

  • Kiirem: 1 käsk vs kümned käsitsi klõpsud
  • Korduv: sama seadistus igal masinal
  • Jagatav: Vagrantfile on tekst, hoia GitHubis

Mida Vagrantfile teeb allpool toodud näites

  • Loob 2 Ubuntu 22.04 VM-i (VirtualBox)
  • Controller: 192.168.56.10 (siin jookseb Ansible)
  • Web server: 192.168.56.11 (hallatav sihtmasin)
  • Kasutajad: vagrant/vagrant (vaikimisi), luuakse ansible kasutaja parooliga ansible123
  • Sudo: passwordless
  • SSH: lubatakse parooliga autentimine esialgseks seadistuseks

Eeltingimused

Näidis Vagrantfile

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Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/jammy64"

  # Controller (Ansible control node)
  config.vm.define "controller" do |c|
    c.vm.hostname = "controller"
    c.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"
    c.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.memory = 1024
      vb.cpus = 1
    end
    c.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
      sudo apt-get update -y
      sudo apt-get install -y ansible openssh-server
      sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash ansible || true
      echo "ansible:ansible123" | sudo chpasswd
      echo "ansible ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/99-ansible
      sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication .*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
      sudo systemctl restart ssh
    SHELL
  end

  # Web server (managed node)
  config.vm.define "web" do |w|
    w.vm.hostname = "web"
    w.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.11"
    w.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.memory = 1024
      vb.cpus = 1
    end
    w.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
      sudo apt-get update -y
      sudo apt-get install -y openssh-server
      sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash ansible || true
      echo "ansible:ansible123" | sudo chpasswd
      echo "ansible ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/99-ansible
      sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication .*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
      sudo systemctl restart ssh
    SHELL
  end
end

Kiirkäivitamine

Bash
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vagrant up
vagrant status
vagrant ssh controller

Inventar näide

INI
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[controller]
192.168.56.10 ansible_user=ansible ansible_password=ansible123

[web]
192.168.56.11 ansible_user=ansible ansible_password=ansible123